Apparatus for manufacturing gas.



B. L1. & 1;. B. JONES.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1912.

1,089,926. Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

wmpmssms: INVENTORS.

iii)

benefit. to the final [Specification of Letters Patent.

.ZtHitinn'teit illni'. Ilth 'llllfl Application filed lil'agy :23, 1912.Serial No $99,131.

lii') all whom it may eo/mrr/i tie it known that we, l lowlian (I. [torninl llnon ll. Jo

Ites, ijUHlllll in the oitv a, izitizenn ol tho llllllo.

anil oonnli r ot n il rain'iseo a nil trltalo ol ailil'ornia, haveinvented new anil naiol'nl In!olwo'einonls; in n.mntratizo ilor lllanntaetln'inn; llas,ol' whirh the following a sprawllloalioin 'ihisll'ir'tllllill) relates to an apparnl'oa tor manialarrtnrin gillin'nlnatinn; gas l'ron'l i'wrinle or other oil, antl oozmtiloies thisnew orator p rtion oli a gas set.

The invention consists of an apparatnr: 'l'or inan'nfactoring;-illnniinallhnjg' as from oil; lho oh ieel; ol? the invention being to noville an apparatus whioh shall ho more infonornienl in the use ol" oilthan any. now in nse, and which ohall either wholly or in great part(lisperme with the making ol the oonsille ahlo quantities oll'lannihlaok which now 000 HS as a residual prollni-l.

The ap mratns also inolinha; novel lea tnres which permit of moreelasticity in the operation, intreasto the capacity and prollnees gas otgreater uniformity.

fll n the inannl'artnre of oil gas for oinn- .inoroial purposes, like ina znnnieipal nns works, it is customary to bring: oil nlixial withsaturated steam in tonlaot with highly heated refractory material, suchas lire lniol; elinitninoil in apparatus eonsisting of either single or(lonble shell generators. After tho heating of such a nvaratns is(:o'inpleteil the mills between the the hrieln anil the i-hainloorsinnneiliately ahove and below the lire hrielt, are filled with gases\Vllllll are products of emnhnstion ol' the heating process. l l 'honoil, mixed with Satori teil steam is sprayed into theso gone -ators torthe purpose, of n'lalcing gas, the presence of the products ofcombustion and the wet steam interfere :with the proper and economicaldestructive distillation of the oil into liner-- olnintahle gas,

lln the present process of mannlaetnriinr gas from crude oil, or itsderivatives, tllonin the so calletl e aching or the (flb-illllcl'lvtiill tillation of the oil by high lemperalin'ea. generally between20002600 lialn'enlniit takes place in a preheated atmosphere eonmining); (lGlPtGl'lOllS COllllJllStlUl'l irtollnvts such as eat-hondioxin, nitrogen, eto, WlJ KiI non-eolnhnslihlo, non-heat ;n.'oilii0iflh non-- ii l 1 prol'lncing protlnets are in no Silltli: a oi. l nrtheraclnetiini ol thai'i this the 'e is a t inmoinniereial ,lalnphlael;

or tree varhon Following the (melting ol the oil (hi the other halal wehave (liseovereil that an vnlirelx rlillrrent result is o htainwl whenth tl'tl li inn or lleslrin'tire distillation ol' the rrnile oil or itsilerii'alirern [alien plaio iniliallr' arnl ii; einilinneil in analniohphere ol' :n-lir e hrat; or lightnanhit-lop as. SlHl) a:hrilrogen. earhon inonoxiil. or a mixture ol' both, or any othorlienelioial omen whioh might perform the name survive, inelnilin a'natural gran or inannl arlnrell illuminating; g ia. ll (anpli'iying'Slll'll aotiro henelieial INK; R111)- nliol from a ,aoin'eo iinlnenilent ol' the oil initial-going lioalnienh anrl whieh gases not as a,eatalyzino" agent, ainl erallcingr the oil in an atnlospin-re ol snehgas, or gases, in oon'ihination with Steam. lit-atoll, anil silllieientto satiol'y the lreeil carbon ofthe oil :1 Far larger amount ol' the.oarhon in the, oil in eonrerloil into ill Bl 'ahle. gas, and the smallportion not gasilied ap iieara at: (ar a eolnplex hyilrol'arbonin'orlnot more lll r llflllll eonnnin'oially than lamohlaolt.

'lho appa nlns (onslitnling the snhieet matter of the ori'lsontapplieation is illus tralml in tho :n-eonn'izniying drawing, in whim theView shown is a sectional elevz tion of tho tleviee.

This apparatus consists ol two generators A. :llKl l oylinilrioal innhape; one genera tor l3 hoing nnn-h longer than the other andoonnootoi'l at the bottom l a reelangnlar' throat pieee 2. 'lhesegenerators a re lined with fire hriel: or other refractory material anilare so (illltltl'l. hi arehes as to form ohainliors 1' W 'l l. '12, anill2); and the spare between the (illilllllHllH is loosely iileil witheheelcer work ol lirelirirli, or other l'e'lraotonv material which notasre:-1ervoi1's oi heat. Al; the top ol. the short nhell i is looalerl a"fllhl t, For the ailmin on of air under pressino lo aiil eoinlnmtion oloil llSKll lor heating the amniratna. At or near the iniihllo ol' thelonger generator ll in loeatetl the oonnnon Ullllll' S for gas fromlioth gonerators. At the to oi the longer genorator lEl in lo'aiial aHllllfh' valve T, for (EHCHPO ol the protllnlo ol' eoznlniation trornthe oil llfilil to heat the a niaralnn.

ti t the liollolo o the yenmralor ii in lo- Patrol an rnnaniinr" ltlonitahlv ('l'HHWI lUi'l hr :1 wise not Hlliloih tor the atlmiw ion ofair ilnriner the heating periot'l tor the hotter eonlnel'eralily nnperI'll lOlJ

llo

. opened to allow and carbon monoxid, is brought from some orpartlyconsumed The operation otour intention is as follows The interiorchecker work. and chambers clithe apparatus are first heated to gasmaking temperature by. suitable means,

preferablyby the combustion of oil ad# mitted through pipe 1%fIOKDgPlPQ'P-lfldlO the. top ofthe short generator Bi; sufiicient airValve 6 is then closed, thereby shutting offthe air "for combustion, theoil for heating- 'is shut ofi at pipes'l l and valve? is closed.

The apparatus is then ready to make gas. During the heating process, oilis wholly product of the combustion composed of can bonand' generallyknown as lampblack, is deposited upon .thejchecker brick sustained bythe arches 4c, 4-, and 4 To make. illuminating gas, an active gas suchas hydrogen, or a mixture of hydrogen suitable source through pipes:17-47. into chambers 9 and 11, in company with sufli" cient steamthrough pipes lt-li from pipe 14", and passing downward replaces thedelv eterious products of the heating operation) v combustion (left inthe generator from and form an initial and continuous superheatedatmosphere. to act as a catalyzing agent for the destructivedistillation of oil '..in chambers 10' and 12; or, steam alone may be injected into chambers 9 andll through pipes 14-14', someor" which isdissociated in the presence of .the incandescent carbon remaining uponthe checker work, tron} the previous-combustion offloil for heating theapparatus \flhe blue water gas formed in this way together with theremaining steam in a' highly superheated condition, enters chambers 10and 12 and produces an' initial and continuous hydrogen atmosphere toact as a catalyzing agent upon the destructive distillation of oil inthese chambers, or, natural gas or manufactured gas, together withsuliicient steam may be admitted from some outsidesource into chambers 9and 11 to produce the desired catalytic atmosphere in chambers 10 and12. The hydrocarbons of such gases willbe broken down and re combined inthe presence or" from the combustion of the previousheating operation,into suitable gases for the successful carrying out of ourinventionandratus being monoxid and superheated steam,

"brick at the bottom in chamber 9 and a bythrough terial or theother'portions of the thedncandes cent carbon remammg on the checkerwork will form an initial and'continuous catalytic or anatmosphereacting as a catalyzing agenttor the destmct1ve"d1s't1lla-. 1

atmosphere,

t on fof'oil in chambers .lO an'd 12 The nert gasesof combustionresulting irom the preliminaryheatingof the. appaing atmosphere, whichatmosphere, it is to bev understood, is maintained during the gasmakingperiod, hot oil is then injected through pipes 15 15",preferably-in a finely and this oil, decomposing in atomized state, the"presence of the hydrogen and carbon passes downward through the checkerbrick in the bottom of the short shell A throughthroatpiece 2, andupward through the checker of the long shell into chamber 13, thencethrough the outlet pipe 8 through'said suitable .hydraulic'seal. At

the same time oil is admitted'through pipes.

displaced by the active catalyz- 15 into chamber 12 where it isdecomposed I in the catalytic atmosphere prevalent iii the checker bricksustained by arch 4: and passes downward through checker brick sustainedby arch wherethe gas is fixed, and passes downward into chamber 13 thenout It is understood that after a' certain length of time the apparatuscools, whereupon there follows a heating period, as first de scribed;the heating and gas making periods continuing alternately in the regularcycle of operation. Y

The advantages claimed and shown loy practical use are: By using twoshells, one shell preferably longer than the other -and connected at thebottom by a throat-piece and having a gas outlet at or near. the middleof the second shell, the making of gas be carried on simulthe heatstored above said outlet. The arches placed in these. shells are forthe. purpose of separating the refractory machecker brick so that theupperin two directions may taneously, and making use of in the checkerbrlck portion of each shellmay be used for the purpose of-superheatingsteam and making blue water gas.

carbon remaining on the checker work and 12, frornthe previous heatingoperations, forms an atmosphere of-superheated steam and blue water gasinto which atmosphere the oil is subsequentlyadmittedto be de-.

chambers 10 and i 1.

outlet elbow 8 through the aforesaid suitable hydraulic seal.

ice

the he atingperiod for superhe'ating steam a and the generation of bluewater gas in,

the gas making period; or, for the decompoiso . in; Bydisassociati'on ofa portion out the steam in combination with the incandescent sition ofilluminating gas or natural gas supplied to the chamber above thechecker work under pressure and decomposed by passing through saidchecker work; thereby making a gas mainly consisting of hydrogen whichacts as a catalytic agent during the destructive distillation of oil'below the arches sustaining said checker work.

The primary blast valve 6, supplies air for the combustion oil forheating the ap paratus, and the secondary blast valve 18, at the bottomof the' second shell, allows for the admission of air for the combustionof any combustible products not consumed in the first shell, and passingover into the second shell.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

l. A gas generator consisting in combination of two shells, one longerthan the other, the said shells being connected at their lowermostportions by a throat piece, both shells being lined with refractorymaterial and so divided by open arches as to sustain checker work toform a plurality of super: posed chambers within the shell, the shortershell being provided with two sets of checker work, the longer shellbeing provided with three sets of checker work, the lowermost chamber inthe shorter shell being for the purpose of destructive distillation, andan intermediate chamber in the longer shell beingalso for the purpose ofdestructive distillation, said chambers for destructive distillationbeing provided with oil inlets, the upper chamber of both shells beingprovided'with openings for the admission of steam and the longer s lellbeingprovided with a common gas outlet for both the longer shell and theshorter shell, an air inlet in the up as, the lowermost chamber in ineach of the shells so located as to divide V the shorter shell into twoand the longer shell into three substantially equal cham bers, checkerbrick construction in each of the chambers, oil, air and steam inlets inthe upper chamber of the shorter shell, an

inlet in the lower. chamber of'the shorter shell to admit the oil to bedissociated, a

common gas outlet for both shells in the lower chamber of the largershell, a secondary air blast opening near the bottom thereof, a stackopening inthe top of the longer shell, openings for oil, gas and steamin the upper chamber corresponding to those in the upperchamher of theshorter shell, and an inlet for the crude oil located in the upperportion of the middle chamber of the longer shell. I

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD C; JONES. LEON B. JONES. Witnesses:

J. G. BUBB, A. H. CoNon.

